Figures of substitution

Substitution is usually done for effect, and to add emphasis to what you are saying. In a legal context these techniques can therefore be used at any point in a legal argument, and can be used to powerful effect in a closing speech. A good example of a figure of substitution being used to powerful effect was in the prorogation case, where Aidan O'Neill described Boris Johnson's actions as "the Mother of Parliaments shut down by the Father of Lies" (antonomasia)

The following figures describe various sorts of substitution that are possible. See also Substitution as one of the Four Categories of Change.

Acoloutha - The substitution of reciprocal words
Anacoloutha - Substituting one word with another whose meaning is very close to the original, but in a non-reciprocal fashion
Acyrologia - Substituting for correct terms words that sound affectedly learned.
Anthimeria - Substitution of one part of speech for another.
Antiptosis - The substitution of one grammatical case for another.
Antonomasia - Substituting a descriptive phrase for a proper name, or substituting a proper name for a quality associated with it.
Enallage - Substituting a grammatically different but semantically equivalent construction.
Euphemismus - Substituting a more acceptable for a less acceptable term.
Metalepsis - A metonymical substitution of one word for another which is itself figurative
Periphrasis - Substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or of a proper name for a quality associated with the name.
Synonymia - Substituting many different synonymous words or expressions for an original.